摘要:
应用食蚊鱼细胞色素P450芳香化酶基因(CYP19 α)、卵黄蛋白原基因(VTG α)和雌/雄激素受体基因(ER α/AR α) mRNA转录水平为指标,评价广州海珠涌和黄埔涌食蚊鱼受环境激素物质干扰产生雌/雄性化效应的现状。结果显示,海珠涌宝岗大道段(BG)、洪德路段(HD)和黄埔涌赤岗路段(CG)、苗艺路段(MY)采样点雌鱼性腺CYP19 α mRNA表达水平显著降低。雌鱼肝脏VTG α mRNA的表达水平在夏冬两季CG点都显著升高,但在BG、HD和MY点的表达水平在冬季则显著下降;夏冬两季雌鱼雄激素受体AR α mRNA表达水平在各点都显著升高。雄鱼性腺CYP19 α mRNA表达水平在各点都无明显差异,但CG点在夏季显著升高,而MY点在冬季则显著下降;雄鱼肝脏VTG α和雌激素受体ER α mRNA表达水平分别在各点都显著升高,但夏季MY点和冬季HD、MY各点无明显差异。结果表明,雌性食蚊鱼的VTG α和CYP19 α基因受到不同程度的抑制,ER α较对照REF明显升高,表现出雄激素效应;雄性食蚊鱼VTG α和ER α转录水平较对照REF显著升高,CYP19 α基因无显著性差异,表现出雌激素效应。生活在广州海珠涌和黄埔涌中的食蚊鱼受雌/雄激素物质干扰明显,表明河涌中环境激素污染严重。
Abstract:
The cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19 α), vitellogenin (VTG α) and estrogen/androgen receptor (ER α/AR α) genes mRNA transcriptional levels in mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) were detected in order to monitor the pollution status of environmental estrogen/androgen substances in the creek of Haizhu and Huangpu, Guangzhou city. The results showed that, the CYP19 α mRNA transcription levels in gonad of female mosquitofish from sampling sites of Haizhu Baogang Avenue (BG), Hongde Road (HD) and Huangpu Chigang Road (CG), Miaoyi Road (MY) significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) when compared with the control point of Huashi (REF); the VTG α mRNA transcription levels in liver of male mosquitofish from sampling sites of BG, HD and MY significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) except CG when compared with the control point of REF; the AR α mRNA transcription levels in anal fin of female mosquitofish from all sampling sites significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001) in summer and winter. Except CG in summer and MY in winter the CYP19 α mRNA transcription levels in gonad of male mosquitofish were not significantly different in other sampling sites; the VTG α mRNA and ER α mRNA transcription levels in male mosquitofish from all sampling sites significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001) except HD and MY when compared with the control point of REF. The results indicated that, VTG α genes in liver and CYP19 α genes in gonad of female mosquitofish were subject to different degrees of inhibition, and AR α mRNA transcription level was significantly higher than that in the REF, showing the effects of androgens. The VTG α mRNA and ER α mRNA transcription level in male mosquitofish were significantly higher than that in the REF, and CYP19 α gene expression in male mosquitofish was not significantly different, showing the effects of estrogens. Mosquitofish in the creek of Haizhu and Huangpu were significantly influenced by estrogen/androgen material interference, and the environmental hormone pollution in the creek of Guangzhou city was very serious.
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