3种有机磷农药对水生生物的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制效应的物种敏感度分析初探
A Preliminary Study on Species Sensitivity Analysis of Inhibition Effect of Three Organophosphorus Pesticides on Acetylcholinesterase in Aquatic Organisms
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摘要: 通过筛选敌敌畏、马拉硫磷和对硫磷3种有机磷农药对水生生物的急性毒性数据和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制效应数据,构建物种敏感度分布曲线进行了比较分析。结果表明,敌敌畏对水生生物的急性毒性和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制效应的大小顺序为:酶体内抑制效应 > 酶体外抑制效应 > 急性毒性;马拉硫磷和对硫磷的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制效应数据不足但趋势相似,顺序为:酶体内抑制效应 > 急性毒性 > 酶体外抑制效应。敌敌畏的急性毒性和酶体外抑制效应的5%危害浓度(HC5)分别为2.07 μg·L-1和1.53 μg·L-1,两者相差1.4倍。在水质基准推导中,乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制效应数据对有机磷农药的水生生物基准具有重要的参考价值。Abstract: The data of the acute toxicity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition effect of aquatic organisms of three organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), including dichlorvos, parathion and malathion, were selected and analyzed by species sensitivity distribution. The results showed that the order of acute toxicity and AChE inhibition effect for dichlorvos was in vivo AChE inhibition > in vitro AChE inhibition > acute toxicity. The trends of species sensitivity distribution of malathion and parathion were similar based on their insufficient data. The orders of acute toxicity and AChE inhibition effect of malathion and parathion were in vivo AChE inhibition > actue toxicity > in vitro AChE inhibition. The 5% hazard concentration (HC 5) of acute toxicity and inhibition effect of dichlorvos were 2.07 μg·L-1 and 1.53 μg·L-1, respectively, which differs by 1.4 times from each other. The data of AChE inhibition effect of OPs could be of great reference value when deriving the water qulity criteria.
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