摘要:
邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)作为重要的增塑剂被广泛应用于涂料、食品包装、医疗器材、儿童玩具等产品中。研究表明DEHP在水、土壤、空气等各个环境要素以及食物、饮用水中已被普遍检出,并对环境产生潜在的危害。本文通过分析国内外DEHP的环境暴露和毒性效应的研究成果,总结了DEHP在室外大气、室内空气、土壤、地表水、地下水、食品和饮用水中的污染现状,并对DEHP的替代产品进行总结;此外,本文深入探讨了DEHP对水生生物和陆生生物的生态毒性效应,以及对生殖发育、肝脏、呼吸系统和神经系统等的健康毒性效应。最后,结合DEHP在环境暴露调查和毒性效应研究方面的不足,指出需要进一步加强我国DEHP的环境暴露调查,制定相关环境基准值与标准限值,开展慢性生态毒性效应和人体健康毒性效应等方面的研究。
Abstract:
As a popular plasticizer, DEHP was widely used in paint, food packaging, medical devices, toys and child-care products. Therefore, DEHP had been detected in surface water, soil, air as well as the food and drinking water, which may cause potential hazards to the environment. In this paper, the global studies of environmental exposure of DEHP and its toxic effects were reviewed. The pollution of DEHP in the outdoor atmosphere, indoor air, soil, surface water, ground water, as well as food and drinking water was summarized. Substitutes for DEHP were also summarized. The research progress of ecotoxicity on aquatic species and terrestrial species, as well as the adverse effects on human reproduction and development, respiratory and nervous system, and liver were summarized. In the future, the systematic environmental exposure investigation, the development of environmental criteria and standards, and the chronic toxicity studies on ecological system and human health of DEHP are proposed, because of the shortage of basic exposure and toxicity data in China.
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