高级搜索

农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险

,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , 

downloadPDF

上一篇

下一篇

符楠, 吕少君, 薛国艳, 李大鹏, 周变红, 陈源琛, 杜伟. 农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2020, 15(3): 123-133. doi: 10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20191115001
引用本文: 符楠, 吕少君, 薛国艳, 李大鹏, 周变红, 陈源琛, 杜伟. 农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2020, 15(3): 123-133. doi: 10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20191115001
shu
Fu Nan, Lv Shaojun, Xue Guoyan, Li Dapeng, Zhou Bianhong, Chen Yuanchen, Du Wei. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution and Health Risks Associated with Solid Fuel Use in Rural Areas[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2020, 15(3): 123-133. doi: 10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20191115001
Citation: Fu Nan, Lv Shaojun, Xue Guoyan, Li Dapeng, Zhou Bianhong, Chen Yuanchen, Du Wei. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution and Health Risks Associated with Solid Fuel Use in Rural Areas[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2020, 15(3): 123-133. doi: 10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20191115001
shu

农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险

  • 1. 南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 南京 210094;

  • 2. 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241;

  • 3. 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡 721013;

  • 4. 浙江工业大学环境学院, 浙江省工业污染微生物控制技术重点实验室, 杭州 310014;

  • 5. 北京大学城市与环境学院, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

    • 作者简介: 符楠(1998-),男,本科生,研究方向为空气多环芳烃污染及健康风险,E-mail:FishTalk0625@163.com
  • 基金项目:

    中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2019M661425）；国家自然科学青年基金资助项目（41701584）

  • 中图分类号: X171.5

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution and Health Risks Associated with Solid Fuel Use in Rural Areas

  • 1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;

  • 2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;

  • 3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation, College of Geography and Environment, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China;

  • 4. Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;

  • 5. Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

  • Fund Project:

  • 摘要: 为了考察固体燃料使用导致的农村地区多环芳烃污染现状，并评估其对居民造成的健康风险，在北方（山西太谷）和南方（四川南充）选取典型农村家庭，配对测定了农户室内外空气中28种多环芳烃浓度，分析了不同地区多环芳烃污染特征，并评估了居民的呼吸暴露风险。山西室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为（283.7±256.0）ng·m-3和（135.2±50.4）ng·m-3，四川室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为（163.4±132.8）ng·m-3和（87.6±46.2）ng·m-3，室内浓度显著高于室外浓度，室内外比值（I/O）分别为2.3和1.8，室内源是影响多环芳烃污染的主要因素。虽然，高环多环芳烃的质量浓度只占总浓度的13%~25%，但其毒性却占到总毒性的70%~89%，说明对高环多环芳烃应予以更多关注。使用蜂窝煤的家庭，其室内多环芳烃浓度要比用薪柴的低74%。通过对2个地区居民进行风险估算发现，山西和四川居民因为多环芳烃暴露的终身致癌风险分别为1.1×10-4和4.8×10-5，都高于可接受水平10-6，说明这2个地区具有较高的暴露风险，亟待关注。
    Abstract: To evaluate household polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution and its health risk in rural areas associated with solid fuel use, typical rural families in northern (Taigu, Shanxi) and southern (Nanchong, Sichuan) China were selected and paired samples were collected to measure 28 kinds of PAHs in their indoor and outdoor air. The characteristics of PAHs pollution in different areas were analyzed and the inhalation exposure risk on residents was evaluated. The indoor and outdoor PAHs concentrations in Shanxi were (283.7±256.0) ng·m-3 and (135.2±50.4) ng·m-3, and in Sichuan were (163.4±132.8) ng·m-3 and (87.6±46.2) ng·m-3, respectively. The indoor PAHs concentration was significantly higher than the outdoor, and the indoor/outdoor ratios (I/O) were 2.3 and 1.8 in Shanxi and Sichuan, indicating the indoor source was the dominant influence factor on PAHs pollution. Although the mass concentration of PAHs with 5~6 rings only contributed 13%~25% to the total PAHs, the BaPeq of PAHs with 5~6 rings contributed 70%~89% to the total BaPeq, which indicates that more attention should be paid to PAHs with more rings. The indoor PAH concentration in households using briquette was 74% lower than those using wood. Based on the risk evaluation of residents in the two regions, the lifetime cancer risk of residents in Shanxi and Sichuan was 1.1×10-4 and 4.8×10-5 respectively, both higher than the acceptable level of 10-6, indicating that these two regions have a high exposure risk and need urgent attention.
  • 加载中
  • Du W, Li X Y, Chen Y C, et al. Household air pollution and personal exposure to air pollutants in rural China-A review[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 237:625-638
    Tao S, Ru M Y, Du W, et al. Quantifying the rural residential energy transition in China from 1992 to 2012 through a representative national survey[J]. Nature Energy, 2018, 3:567-573
    Zhao B, Zheng H T, Wang S X, et al. Change in household fuels dominates the decrease in PM2.5 exposure and premature mortality in China in 2005-2015[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018, 115:12401-12406
    Neff J. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment:Sources, Fates and Biological Effects[M]. London:Applied Science Publication, 1979:192-208
    Perera F, Hemminki K, Jedrychowski W, et al. In utero DNA damage from environmental pollution is associated with somatic gene mutation in newborns[J]. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2002, 11:1134-1137
    Zhang Y X, Tao S, Shen H Z, et al. Inhalation exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer risk of Chinese population[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009, 106:21063-21067
    United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). Water-related environmental fate of 129 priority pollutants[R]. Washington D C:Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1979
    Shen H Z, Tao S, Liu J F, et al. Global lung cancer risk from PAH exposure highly depends on emission sources and individual susceptibility[J]. Scientific Reports, 2014, 10:1-8
    Asante-Duah K. Public Health Risk Assessment for Human Exposure to Chemicals[M]. Springer Publisher, 2002:87-103
    Du W, Chen Y C, Zhu X, et al. Wintertime air pollution and health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2018, 191:1-8
    Shen H Z, Huang Y, Wang R, et al. Global atmospheric emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from 1960 to 2008 and future predictions[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47:6415-6424
    Li W, Wang C, Wang H, et al. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban areas of northern China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014, 192:83-90
    Liu S Z, Tao S, Liu W X, et al. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in north China:A winter-time study[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2007, 41:8256-8261
    Johannesson S, Gustafson P, Molnar P, et al. Exposure to fine particles (PM2.5 and PM1) and black smoke in the general population:Personal, indoor, and outdoor levels[J]. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 2007, 17:613-624
    Mohammadyan M, Ashmore M. Personal exposure and indoor PM2.5 concentrations in an urban population[J]. Indoor & Built Environment, 2005, 14:313-320
    Ohura T, Noda T, Amagai T, et al. Prediction of personal exposure to PM2.5 and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by their concentrations in residential microenvironments[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005, 39:5592-5599
    潘小川, 董兆举, 金晓滨, 等. 农村地区空气污染人群暴露评价研究[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 2001, 18(6):323-325

    Pan X C, Dong Z J, Jin X B, et al. Study on assessment for exposure to air pollution in rural areas[J]. Journal of Environment and Health, 2001, 18(6):323-325(in Chinese)

    Gao X, Yu Q, Gu Q, et al. Indoor air pollution from solid biomass fuels combustion in rural agricultural area of Tibet, China[J]. Indoor Air, 2009, 19:198-205
    Balakrishnan K, Sambandam S, Ramaswamy P, et al. Exposure assessment for respirable particulates associated with household fuel use in rural districts of Andhra Pradesh, India[J]. Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology, 2004, 14:514-525
    Huang Y, Du W, Chen Y C, et al. Household air pollution and personal inhalation exposure to particles (TSP/PM2.5/PM1.0/PM0.25) in rural Shanxi, North China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 231:635-643
    Chen Y C, Shen G F, Huang Y, et al. Household air pollution and personal exposure risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among rural residents in Shanxi, China[J]. Indoor Air, 2015, 26:246
    Lin N, Chen Y C, Du W, et al. Inhalation exposure and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among the rural population adopting wood gasifier stoves compared to different fuel-stove users[J]. Atmospheric Environmental, 2016, 147:485-491
    Achten C, Andersson J T. Overview of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC)[J]. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, 2015, 35:177-186
    Billiard S M, Bols N C, Hodson P V. In vitro and in vivo comparisons of fish-specific CYP1A induction relative potency factors for selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2004, 59:292-299
    Boström C E, Gerde P, Hanberg A, et al. Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2002, 110:451-488
    Larsen J, Larsen P. Chemical Carcinogens. Air Pollution and Health[M]. Cambridge:The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1998:33-56
    Malcolm H, Dobson S. The Calculation of an environmental assessment level (EAL) for atmospheric PAHs using relative potencies, Report No. DoE/HMIP/RR/94/041[R]. London:Department of the Environment, 1994
    Nisbet I C, LaGoy P K. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)[J]. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1992, 16:290-300
    United States Environmental Protection Agency. Estimation Programs Interface SuiteTM for Microsoft® Windows[CP]. v 4.1. Washington DC:United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2012
    Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEEHA). The air toxics hot spots program guidance manual for preparation of health risk assessment[R]. Oakland, CA:California Environmental Protection Agency, 2003
    Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEEHA). Air toxics hot spots program risk assessment guidelines, air toxicology and epidemiology section[R]. Oakland, CA:California Environmental Protection Agency, 2005
    World Health Organization (WHO). WHO guidelines for indoor air quality:Selected Pollutants[R]. Geneva:WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2010
    Duan X L, Wang B, Zhao X, et al. Personal inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and rural residents in a typical northern city in China[J]. Indoor Air, 2014, 24:464-473
    Shen G F, Zhang Y Y, Wei S Y, et al. Indoor/outdoor pollution level and personal inhalation exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through biomass fuelled cooking[J]. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2014, 7:449-458
    Zhang J D, Liu W X, Xu Y S, et al. Distribution characteristics of and personal exposure with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particulate matter in indoor and outdoor air of rural households in Northern China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 225:113176-113185
    Shen G F, Tao S, Wei S Y, et al. Field measurement of emission factors of PM, EC, OC, parent, nitro-, and oxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for residential briquette, coal cake, and wood in rural Shanxi, China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47:2998-3005
    Delistraty D. Toxic equivalency factor approach for risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons[J]. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 1997, 64:81-108
    中华人民共和国环境保护部. 环境空气质量标准(GB3095-2012)[S]. 北京:中华人民共和国环境保护部, 2012
    中华人民共和国环境保护部. 环境空气质量标准(GB 18883-2002)[S]. 北京:中华人民共和国环境保护部, 2002
    Zhang J, Smith K. Household air pollution from coal and biomass fuels in China:Measurements, health impacts, and interventions[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2007, 6:848-855
    Du W, Xiao Y, Luo Z, et al. Submicrometer PM1.0 exposure from household burning of solid fuels[J]. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2020, 7(1):1-6
    Shen G F. Quantification of emission reduction potentials of primary air pollutants from residential solid fuel combustion by adopting cleaner fuels in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015, 37:1-7
    顾庆平. 西藏室内多环芳烃污染特征及其致癌风险[D]. 上海:复旦大学, 2009:25-33 Gu Q P. The characteristics of indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural Tibet and its carcinogenic risk[D]. Shanghai:Fudan University, 2009:25

    -33(in Chinese)

    Li C L, Kang S C, Chen P F, et al. Characterizations of particle-bound trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within Tibetan tents of south Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2012, 19(5):1620-1628
    Huang Z Y, Wu C C, Bao L J, et al. Characteristics and potential health risk of rural Tibetans' exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during summer period[J]. Environment International, 2018, 118:70-77
    Ding J N, Zhong J J, Yang Y F, et al. Occurrence and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in a rural Chinese home through biomass fuelled cooking[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2012, 169:160-166
    Wu F Y, Liu X P, Wang W, et al. Characterization of particulate-bound PAHs in rural households using different types of domestic energy in Henan Province, China[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 536:840-846
    马利英, 董泽琴, 吴可嘉, 等. 贵州农村地区室内空气质量及细颗粒物污染特征[J]. 中国环境监测, 2015, 31(1):28-34

    Ma L Y, Dong Z Q, Wu K J, et al. Indoor air quality and characteristics of fine particle for rural Guizhou[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2015, 31(1):28-34(in Chinese)

    陆晨刚, 高翔, 余琦, 等. 西藏民居室内空气中多环芳烃及其对人体健康影响[J]. 复旦学报:自然科学版, 2006, 45:714-718 Lu C G, Gao X, Yu Q, et al. Indoor air polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Tibet and the effect on human health[J]. Journal of Fudan University:Natural Science, 2006

    , 45:714-718(in Chinese)

    Li Y Q, Xu H M, Wang J H, et al. Personal exposure to PM2.5-bound organic species from domestic solid fuel combustion in rural Guanzhong Basin, China:Characteristics and health implication[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 227:53-62
    吕俊岗, 张霖琳, 许人骥, 等. 云南省宣威市和富源县空气和土壤中多环芳烃污染水平研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2010, 26:1-6 Lv J G, Zhang L L, Xu R J, et al. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) level in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, Yunnan Province[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2010

    , 26:1-6(in Chinese)

    Lv J, Xu R, Wu G, et al. Indoor and outdoor air pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2009, 11(7):1368-1374
    彭彬, 苏玉红, 杜伟, 等. 湖北农村燃柴和燃煤家庭大气多环芳烃污染特征和呼吸暴露风险[J].生态毒理学报, 2018, 13(5):171-181

    Peng B, Su Y H, Du W, et al. Household air pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in homes burning wood and coals and inhalation exposure risks in rural Hubei[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2018, 13(5):171-181(in Chinese)

    韦思业. 山西和顺地区农村室内细颗粒物和多环芳烃的污染与呼吸暴露研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆大学, 2012:27-30 Wei S Y. Indoor air pollution and personal exposure to fine particulate matter and PAHs in rural areas of Heshun, Shanxi[D]. Urumqi:Xinjiang University, 2012:27

    -30(in Chinese)

  • 加载中
WeChat 点击查看大图
计量
  • 文章访问数:  2421
  • HTML全文浏览数:  2421
  • PDF下载数:  62
  • 施引文献:  0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-11-15

农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险

    作者简介: 符楠(1998-),男,本科生,研究方向为空气多环芳烃污染及健康风险,E-mail:FishTalk0625@163.com
  • 1. 南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 南京 210094;
  • 2. 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241;
  • 3. 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡 721013;
  • 4. 浙江工业大学环境学院, 浙江省工业污染微生物控制技术重点实验室, 杭州 310014;
  • 5. 北京大学城市与环境学院, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:  2019-11-15
基金项目:

中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2019M661425）；国家自然科学青年基金资助项目（41701584）

摘要: 为了考察固体燃料使用导致的农村地区多环芳烃污染现状，并评估其对居民造成的健康风险，在北方（山西太谷）和南方（四川南充）选取典型农村家庭，配对测定了农户室内外空气中28种多环芳烃浓度，分析了不同地区多环芳烃污染特征，并评估了居民的呼吸暴露风险。山西室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为（283.7±256.0）ng·m-3和（135.2±50.4）ng·m-3，四川室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为（163.4±132.8）ng·m-3和（87.6±46.2）ng·m-3，室内浓度显著高于室外浓度，室内外比值（I/O）分别为2.3和1.8，室内源是影响多环芳烃污染的主要因素。虽然，高环多环芳烃的质量浓度只占总浓度的13%~25%，但其毒性却占到总毒性的70%~89%，说明对高环多环芳烃应予以更多关注。使用蜂窝煤的家庭，其室内多环芳烃浓度要比用薪柴的低74%。通过对2个地区居民进行风险估算发现，山西和四川居民因为多环芳烃暴露的终身致癌风险分别为1.1×10-4和4.8×10-5，都高于可接受水平10-6，说明这2个地区具有较高的暴露风险，亟待关注。

English Abstract

    全文HTML

参考文献 (54)

目录

/

返回文章
返回

Copyright © 2019 中国科学院生态环境研究中心

京ICP备05002858号-9