基于习性和食物网的白洋淀大型底栖动物群落恢复研究
Restoration of Macrozoobenthos Community in Baiyangdian Lake Based on Habit and Food Web
-
摘要: 白洋淀由于长期受人类活动影响，部分区域内源污染严重。针对该类区域，"十三五"水专项开展了生态清淤试点工程以实现内源治理。在清淤过程中底栖生物容易遭到严重破坏，与之密切联系的食物网受到影响。在沉水植物补种成功后，如何科学地恢复底栖动物群落并维持长效稳定，急需寻求解决方案。本研究于2018年对白洋淀大型底栖动物群落进行调查，根据调研结果、习性特征和食物网模型，提出了受损后大型底栖动物群落恢复方案。研究发现，春季优势种为螺类软体动物和虾类甲壳类动物，夏季和秋季为螺类软体动物和昆虫类摇蚊幼虫。全年主要优势种为中华圆田螺、中国圆田螺、羽摇蚊和大红德永摇蚊。通过食物网模型计算，确定了软体动物是2010年和2018年的关键功能组。因此，综合优势种和关键种，底栖动物群落恢复物种主要选择虾类、螺类和摇蚊幼虫。根据底栖动物的习性，确定甲壳动物和摇蚊幼虫以自然恢复为主，螺类以人工恢复为主的恢复方式。针对螺类关键物种，根据2018年调研生物量、工程经验值和生态容量综合确定其恢复投加量合理范围。通过以上研究，建立了基于食物网成熟度和稳定性的底栖动物群落恢复优化调控方案，为受损底栖动物群落的恢复提供借鉴。Abstract: The endogenous pollution was serious in some areas in Baiyangdian Lake due to human activities. For such areas, pilot project of the 13th Five-Year Water Project was carried out for ecological dredging to achieve the control of endogenous pollution. However, the macrozoobenthos community were prone to be damaged severely during dredging. Also, the benthic food web related with macrozoobenthos was affected. After replanting of submerged plants, it was urgent to find a solution to restore macrozoobenthos scientifically. In this study, the macrozoobenthos community was investigated in 2018. Based on the sampling analysis,habitual characteristics and the established food web model, the restoration plan for macrozoobenthos were proposed. It was found that the dominant species of macrozoobenthos were Gastropoda of Mollusca and shrimps of Crustacea in spring, while Gastropoda of Mollusca and Chironomid larvaes in summer and autumn. The dominant species in the whole 2018 included Cipangopaludina cahayensis, Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray, Chironomus plumosus and Glyptotendi pestokunagai. According to the calculation of food web model, Mollusca was the key functional group in 2010 and 2018. Therefore, Gastropoda, shrimps and Chironomid larvaes were chosen as the main recovered species of macrozoobenthos. According to the habits, shrimps of Crustacea and Chironomid larvaes of Instecta were mainly restored naturally, while Gastropoda of Mollusca was mainly restored artificially. The reasonable recovery dosage range of Gastropoda was determined by the existing actual biomass, the engineering experience and the ecological capacity. An optimal regulation scheme for restoration of macrozoobenthos based on the maturity and stability of food web was established. The results could provide reference for restoration of damaged macrozoobenthos community.
-
-
孙刚, 房岩. 底栖动物的生物扰动效应[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013:1-2 渠晓东, 曹明, 邵美玲, 等. 雅砻江(锦屏段)及其主要支流的大型底栖动物[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(1):158-162 Qu X D, Cao M, Shao M L, et al. Macrobenthos in Jinping reach of Yalongjiang River and its main tributaries[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(1):158-162(in Chinese)
纪炜炜, 周进. 三都澳大型底栖动物群落结构及其对水产养殖的响应[J]. 中国水产科学, 2012, 19(3):491-499 Ji W W, Zhou J. Community structure of macrobenthos in response to mariculture practices in Sandu Bay[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2012, 19(3):491-499(in Chinese)
顾晓英, 陶磊, 施慧雄, 等. 象山港大型底栖动物生物多样性现状[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(6):1551-1557 Gu X Y, Tao L, Shi H X, et al. Macrobenthic faunal diversity in Xiangshan Bay[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(6):1551-1557(in Chinese)
梁静香, 周永东, 王忠明, 等. 三门湾大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9):3187-3193 Liang J X, Zhou Y D, Wang Z M, et al. Community structure of macrozoobenthos and its relationship with environmental factors in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9):3187-3193(in Chinese)
杨陆飞, 陈琳琳, 李晓静, 等. 烟台牟平海洋牧场季节性低氧对大型底栖动物群落的生态效应[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(2):200-210 Yang L F, Chen L L, Li X J, et al. Effect of seasonal hypoxia on macrobenthic communities in the Muping Marine Ranch, Yantai, China[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2019, 27(2):200-210(in Chinese)
Yang Y F, Yi Y J, Zhou Y, et al. Spatio-temporal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates and the driving environmental variables in a shallow lake[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2020, 110:105948 Shen Y, Yang Y L, Zhou Y, et al. Unraveling the nexus of multi-environmental factors and benthic macroinvertebrates in typical inflow river of Taihu Lake in China[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2020, 192(2):1-12 Zou W, Tolonen K T, Zhu G, et al. Catastroph effects of sand mining on macroinvertebrates in a large shallow lake with implications for management[J] The Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 695(10):133706.1-133706.9 袁小楠, 梁振林, 吕振波, 等. 威海近岸人工鱼礁布设对生物资源恢复效果[J]. 海洋学报, 2017, 39(10):54-64 Yuan X N, Liang Z L, Lv Z B, et al. The effects of ecological restoration of the artificial reef in Weihai offshore[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2017, 39(10):54-64(in Chinese)
于露, 张磊, 柴丽娜. 沿海滩涂围垦区生态整治与修复方法研究——以东台市弶港镇为例[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2020, 45(1):147-151 Yu L, Zhang L, Chai L N. Study on ecological regulation and rehabilitation method of coastal beach reclamation area-A case study of Jianggang Town, Dongtai City[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2020, 45(1):147-151(in Chinese)
徐霖林, 马长安, 田伟, 等. 淀山湖沉水植物恢复重建对底栖动物的影响[J]. 复旦学报:自然科学版, 2011, 50(3):260-267 Xu L L, Ma C A, Tian W, et al. Effects of recovery and reestablishment of submerged macrophytes on macrobenthos in Lake Dianshan[J]. Journal of Fudan University:Natural Science, 2011, 50(3):260-267(in Chinese)
刘帅磊. 广州流溪河与生态修复塘底栖动物群落结构特征及生态健康评估[D]. 广州:暨南大学, 2017:77-83 Liu S L. Structure characteristics of zoobenthos communities and ecological health evaluation in Liuxi River of Guangzhou and ecological restoration pond[D]. Guangzhou:Jinan University, 2017:77 -83(in Chinese)
罗民波. 长江河口底栖动物群落对大型工程的响应与生态修复研究[D]. 上海:华东师范大学, 2008:98-108 Luo M B. The communities response of macrobenthos to huge engineering and the ecological restoration in Yangtze Estuarine, China[D]. Shanghai:East China Normal University, 2008:98 -108(in Chinese)
毕远溥, 董婧, 王文波, 等. 小窑湾海水养殖环境现状的研究[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2001, 20(4):30-33 Bi Y P, Dong J, Wang W B, et al. Environment characteristics and aquaculture state of Xiaoyao Bay[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2001, 20(4):30-33(in Chinese)
Vadeboncoeur Y, Peterson G, Vander Zanden M J, et al. Benthic algal production across lake size gradients:Interactions among morphometry, nutrients, and light[J]. Ecology, 2008, 89(9):2542-2552 Polovina J J. Model of a coral reef ecosystem[J]. Coral Reefs, 1984, 3(1):1-11 Li C H, Xian Y, Ye C, et al. Wetland ecosystem status and restoration using the Ecopath with Ecosim (EWE) model[J]. Science of Total Environment, 2019, 658:305-314 朱金峰, 周艺, 王世新, 等. 1975年-2018年白洋淀湿地变化分析[J]. 遥感学报, 2019, 23(5):971-986 Zhu J F, Zhou Y, Wang S X, et al. Analysis of changes of Baiyangdian Wetland from 1975 to 2018 based on remote sensing[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2019, 23(5):971-986(in Chinese)
王东升, 门彬, 张美一. 论浅水湖泊中的水固交错带与科学清淤规划——以雄安新区白洋淀为例[J]. 环境科学学报, 2020, 40(5):1550-1559 Wang D S, Men B, Zhang M Y. Sediment water ecotone and sediment removal of shallow lake:A case study of Baiyangdian Lake in Xiongan New Area[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2020, 40(5):1550-1559(in Chinese)
孙枭琼, 李宏昌, 廖晨延, 等. 白洋淀底栖无脊椎动物调查及水环境分析[J]. 河北渔业, 2019(8):40-44, 50 Liu C Q, Liu L S, Shen H T. Seasonal variations of phytoplankton community structure in relation to physico-chemical factors in Lake Baiyangdian, China[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2010, 2:1622-1631 刁晓君, 黄彩虹, 何连生, 等. 白洋淀草型与藻型湖泊沉水植物群落结构差异及影响因素[J]. 湿地科学, 2013, 11(3):366-371 Diao X J, Huang C H, He L S, et al. Difference in community structure of submerged macrophytes and related influence factors between macrophytic and algal regions of Baiyangdian Lake[J]. Wetland Science, 2013, 11(3):366-371(in Chinese)
李源. 白洋淀水环境稳态特征研究[D]. 济南:山东师范大学, 2010:55-69 Li Y. The study on stable state characteristic of aquatic ecosystem in Baiyangdian[D]. Ji'nan:Shandong Normal University, 2010:55 -69(in Chinese)
陈龙, 谢高地, 鲁春霞, 等. 水利工程对鱼类生存环境的影响——以近50年白洋淀鱼类变化为例[J]. 资源科学, 2011, 33(8):1475-1480 Chen L, Xie G D, Lu C X, et al. Impacts of hydropower projects on fishes:A case study of Baiyangdian Lake over the recent 50 years[J]. Resources Science, 2011, 33(8):1475-1480(in Chinese)
金相灿, 屠清瑛. 湖泊富营养化调查规范[M]. 2版. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1990:239-266 McNaughton S J. Relationships among functional properties of Californian grassland[J]. Nature, 1967, 216(5111):168-169 郭思雅, 王京刚, 王颖, 等. 基于Ecopath模型的白洋淀生态系统近10年结构与功能变化分析[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2020, 15(5):169-180 Guo S Y, Wang J G, Wang Y, et al. Analysis of the ecosystem structure and energy flow of the Baiyangdian Lake in recent 10 years based on the Ecopath model[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2020, 15(5):169-180(in Chinese)
李华, 沈洪艳, 李双江, 等. 富营养化对白洋淀底栖-浮游耦合食物网结构和功能的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(6):2017-2030 Li H, Shen H Y, Li S J, et al. Effects of eutrophication on the benthic-pelagic coupling food web in Baiyangdian Lake[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(6):2017-2030(in Chinese)
冯德祥, 陈亮, 李云凯, 等. 基于营养通道模型的淀山湖生态系统结构与能量流动特征[J]. 中国水产科学, 2011, 18(4):867-876 Feng D X, Chen L, Li Y K, et al. Structure and energy flow of Dianshan Lake ecosystem based on the Ecopath model[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2011, 18(4):867-876(in Chinese)
Brey T. A collection of empirical relations for use in ecological modeling[J]. Naga Manila, 1999, 22(3):24-28 杨丽坤, 肖国华, 赵春龙, 等. 白洋淀和保定市公园原生动物调查及水质分析[J]. 河北渔业, 2010(9):39-40 Beverton R J H, Holt S J. A review of method for estimating mortality rates in exploited fish populations, with special reference to sources of Bias in catch sampling[J]. Rapports et Proces-Verbaux, 1957, 140(1):67-83 张堂林, 崔奕波. 鱼类生产力研究的方法与进展[J]. 水产学报, 1999, 23(4):409-414 Pauly D. On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 1980, 39(2):175-192 Christensen V, Walters C J, Pauly D. Ecopath with Ecosim:A User's Guide[M]. Vancouver:Fisheries Center, University of British Columbia, 2005:148-150 Libralato S, Christensen V, Pauly D. A method for identifying keystone species in food web models[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2006, 195(3-4):153-171 张彤晴, 唐晟凯, 李大命, 等. 太湖鲢鳙放流增殖效果评价和容量研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2016, 44(9):243-247 蔡端波, 肖国华, 赵春龙, 等. 白洋淀底栖动物组成及对水质的指示作用[J]. 河北渔业, 2010(3):27-28 杨盈. 基于食物网营养动力学的白洋淀湿地生态需水研究[D]. 北京:北京师范大学, 2011:17-19 Yang Y. Study on ecological water demand based on the dynamics of food wed structure and function in the Baiyadian wetland[D]. Beijing:Beijing Normal University, 2011:17 -19(in Chinese)
王备新, 杨莲芳. 我国东部底栖无脊椎动物主要分类单元耐污值[J]. 生态学报, 2004, 24(12):2768-2775 Wang B X, Yang L F. A study on tolerance values of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa in Eastern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(12):2768-2775(in Chinese)
杨明生. 武汉市南湖大型底栖动物群落结构与生态功能的研究[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2009:29-41 Yang M S. Studies on the community structure and ecological function of macrozoobenthos in Lake Nanhu, Wuhan City, China[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University, 2009:29 -41(in Chinese)
敖鑫如. 耳萝卜螺生物学特性及防治研究[J]. 江西植保, 1996, 19(3):1-2 , 8
梁新民. 摇蚊幼虫人工采集养殖技术[J]. 科学种养, 2019(6):60-61 夏朴成. 田螺人工养殖关键技术[J]. 农家科技, 2007(9):28 周志芳. 中华米虾生态及海水驯化的研究[J]. 沈阳大学学报, 1992, 4(3):70-74 Zhou Z F. Research of Caridina denticulata sinensis on organism's habits and seawater domestication[J]. Journal of Shenyang University, 1992, 4(3):70-74(in Chinese)
Hauer F R, Benke A C. Rapid growth of snag-dwelling chironomids in a blackwater river:The influence of temperature and discharge[J]. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 1991, 10(2):154-164 曹玉成, 苑永魁, 谢成浩, 等. 一种适用于山区型河流城镇河段水岸同步生态修复的方法:CN110002670A. 2019-07-12 王航海, 胡靖华, 黄燕燕, 等. 一种城市河道的生态修复方法:CN201410127782.5. 2019-11-01 韩翠敏, 凌小君, 林超. 一种浅水湖泊生态恢复沉水植被的方法:CN201710068243.2. 2017-07-18 张豫, 黄本胜, 俞孜, 等. 基于底栖动物-藻类-水生植物-鱼类的河流水生态环境自我修复方法:CN105523637A. 2016-04-27 李可俊. 使用K73细菌的水体生态净化集成方法:CN105967337B. 2018-08-17 Frisk M G, Miller T J, Latour R J, et al. Assessing biomass gains from marsh restoration in Delaware Bay using Ecopath with Ecosim[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2011, 222(1):190-200 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3224
- HTML全文浏览数: 3224
- PDF下载数: 113
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
