稀有鮈鲫作为鱼类胚胎急性毒性试验受试鱼种的敏感性研究
Sensitivity of Chinese Rare Minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) for Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test
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摘要: 通过验证稀有鮈鲫在鱼类胚胎急性毒性试验中的敏感性，评价其在鱼类替代试验中的应用潜力，为相关化学品测试国家标准的制定提供依据。选取3，4-二氯苯胺（3，4-DCA）、五水硫酸铜（CSP）、2，3，6-三甲基苯酚（2，3，6-TMP）、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）、七水硫酸锌（ZSH）、三甘醇（TEG）、氯化钠（SC）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、重铬酸钾（PD）、甲基异噻唑啉酮（MIT）、二苯甲酮（BP）、二氯苯氧氯酚（TCS）、1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮（BIT）、三唑酮（T）、多菌灵（C）和N-（4-氯苯基）-N'-（3，4-二氯苯基）脲（三氯卡班，TCC）16种化学品，按照《OECD化学品测试准则No.236鱼类胚胎急性毒性试验》，分别进行稀有鮈鲫胚胎急性毒性试验，将结果与稀有鮈鲫成鱼急性毒性试验结果比较，评价稀有鮈鲫在不同生命周期对同一化学品的敏感性差异；同时与已有的或试验所得的斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性试验结果比较，评估稀有鮈鲫胚胎与国际标准试验鱼种胚胎间的敏感性差异。稀有鮈鲫胚胎急性毒性试验96 h半数致死浓度（96 h-LC50）值与其成鱼及斑马鱼相比，敏感性类似，毒性值差异均未超过一个数量级。稀有鮈鲫作为一种中国本土的标准试验鱼种，其胚胎生物学特征与斑马鱼类似，其胚胎敏感性不亚于成鱼和其他国际标准鱼种，适宜进行鱼类胚胎急性毒性试验的应用。Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity of Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) as test organisms used in fish embryo acute toxicity test, and to lay a foundation for the proposed national standards of chemical testing which uses fish embryo as an alternative to fish itself in acute toxicity test. According to the procedures of "OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 236:Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test", newly fertilized eggs of rare minnow were exposed to sixteen chemicals, i.e., 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA), copper sulfate pentahydrate (CSP), 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2,3,6-TMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), zinc sulfate (ZSH), triethylene glycol (TEG), sodium chloride (SC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), potassium bichromate (PD), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), benzophenone (BP), triclosan (TCS), 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT), triadimefon (T), carbendazim (C) and triclocarban (TCC), and then, the respective median lethal concentration of the 96 h exposure (96 h-LC50) were obtained for each chemical. By comparing the rare minnow embryo test data with the corresponding data from adult fish tests as well as those resulted from the zebra fish embryo tests, it can be found that the differences in toxicity values of different test organisms are not more than an order of magnitude, implying that the sensitivity of rare minnow embryos to studied chemicals in acute toxicity test is similar to adult rare minnow and zebra fish embryos. In conclusion, the endemic fish species Gobiocypris rarus is one of the promising candidates of standard fish species, and its embryos can produce reliable data in fish embryo acute toxicity tests.
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Key words:
- Gobiocypris rarus /
- embryo /
- acute toxicity /
- sensitivity
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