摘要:
苯并芘(B[a]P)已广泛分布于海洋环境中,低等海洋无脊椎动物从受精卵开始整个生长发育过程都面临着B[a]P等多环芳烃类污染物(PAHs)的威胁。本实验以热带海洋优势贝类马氏珠母贝(Pinctada maetensii)作为材料,研究B[a]P对马氏珠母贝D型面盘幼虫发育的影响。将幼虫暴露于不同浓度(1、2、4、10和15 μg·L-1) B[a]P中,在暴露后第12、24、36、48、72、84小时,分别测定其D型面盘幼虫的死亡率和畸形数。结果表明:B[a]P对D型面盘幼虫死亡率的影响明显,死亡率与时间呈正相关,其中4和10 μg·L-1浓度组的响应最敏感。在1~10 μg·L-1浓度范围内,死亡率与浓度呈正相关;B[a]P暴露对马氏珠母贝D型面盘幼虫的形态也有显著影响,且随着浓度的增大产生畸形个体的时间越短。另外,B[a]P对马氏珠母贝D型面盘幼虫的半数致死浓度(LC50)随着时间的推移逐渐降低后趋于稳定,48 h时LC50趋于稳定,为21.56 μg·L-1。研究表明,B[a]P对马氏珠母贝D形幼虫的发育具有不利影响,并可能影响其种群结构。
Abstract:
B[a]P is the most studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which widely exists in the marine environment. Invertebrates are threatened by PAHs in their whole life. In this paper, the impacts of B[a]P on the development of D-shaped veliger larvae of Pinctada martensii were studied. When fertilized eggs growed up to Dshaped veliger larvae, they were exposed to B[a]P at six different concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 μ g·L-1. The mortality and aberration rate were calculated after D-shaped veliger larvae exposed for 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 84 hours. Results showed that the mortality was positive to exposure time. B[a]P has a significantly toxic effect on D-shaped veliger larvae of Pinctada martensii. Larvae in 4 and 10 μg·L-1 groups were much more sensitive than that in other groups. The morality was positive to the concentration of B[a]P in the range of 1~10 μg·L-1. B[a]P could significantly deform D-shaped veliger larvae. Moreover, exposed to high concentration of B[a] P resulted in the early appearence of the abnormal individual. Additionally, LC50 gradually decreased then kept a constant. 48h-LC50 was 21.56 μg·L-1. The results indicated that B[a]P had negative effects on the developement of D-shaped veliger larvae of Pinctada martensii and their populative structure.
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