水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena aquae)不同生长阶段的产嗅特征和藻源有机物特性
Characteristics of Taste and Odor Compounds and Algal-derived Organic Matter in Different Growth Stages of Anabaena aquae
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摘要: 水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena aquae)是一种水体中常见的优势蓝藻，为水中嗅味的重要来源，且生长过程中释放的藻源有机物(AOM)对于水质有较大的影响。研究水华鱼腥藻不同生长阶段的产嗅特征和AOM特性对于藻污染控制有重要意义。建立水华鱼腥藻生长曲线，提取不同生长阶段的胞内与胞外有机物，通过气质联用分析、三维荧光扫描和液相-有机碳测试(liquid chromatography coupled with organic carbon detection, LC-OCD)等表征手段，对水华鱼腥藻生长过程中的胞内外嗅味物质和有机物的变化情况进行多维度解析。结果表明，本实验培养条件下水华鱼腥藻所产的嗅味物质主要是β-紫罗兰酮和β-环柠檬醛，主要存在于胞内有机物，平均浓度为2.90 μg·L-1和1.53 μg·L-1。其产嗅能力随着藻细胞的生长而减弱。AOM呈现出低分子亲水性的特征。三维荧光分析结果表明，胞外有机物主要含有类腐殖质物质和溶解性微生物代谢产物，胞内有机物内主要含有溶解性微生物代谢物质、络氨酸和色氨酸。生长过程中胞内有机物和嗅味物质随藻细胞的破裂逐渐泄露到胞外，胞内外有机物的组分不会发生较大变化，其浓度随生长阶段的不同会发生相应的改变。LC-OCD结果显示，AOM主要由低分子有机物构成，且溶解性有机氮含量较高。Abstract: Anabaena aquae is a common dominant cyanobacterium in water, which is an important source of taste and odor (T&O) compounds in water, and the algal-derived organic matter (AOM) released during its growth phases has a great influence on water quality. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of T&O compounds and AOM in different growth phases of Anabaena aquae for the control of algal pollution. The growth curves of Anabaena aquae were established, and the intracellular and extracellular organic matter at different growth phases were extracted. The changes of intracellular and extracellular organic matter and T&O compounds during the growth of Anabaena aquae were analyzed by gas-mass spectrometry, excitation-emission-matrix spectra (EEMs) and liquid chromatography coupled with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD). It was found that the main T&O compounds produced by Anabaena aquae under this experimental culture condition were β-ionone and β-cyclocitral which mainly existed in the intracellular organic matter, and the average concentrations were 2.90 μg·L-1 and 1.53 μg·L-1. Its ability to produce T&O compounds decreases with the growth of algae. AOM was characterized as low molecular hydrophilic. The results of EEMs showed that extracellular organic matter mainly contained humic-like substances and soluble microbial products, and intracellular organic matter mainly contained soluble microbial products, tyrosine and tryptophan. Intracellular organic matter and T&O compounds gradually leaked to the extracellular with the rupture of algal cells during the growth phases, and no major changes in the components of intracellular and extracellular organic matter were observed, and their concentrations would change accordingly with the growth stages. The results of LC-OCD showed that AOM was mainly composed of low molecular organic matter, and the content of dissolved organic nitrogen was high.
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