水体和沉积物加标法评估BPAP对摇蚊的毒性
Determining the Toxicity of BPAP to Chironomus by Water and Sediment Spiked Methods
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摘要: 为了研究水体加标法和沉积物加标法摇蚊毒性测试的差异，采用水体和沉积物加标法对比测试了双酚AP(BPAP)对伸展摇蚊(Chironomus tentans)全生命周期的繁殖发育毒性。实验结果表明，在水体添加法摇蚊全生命周期毒性试验中，60~900 μg·L-1 BPAP处理组对两代摇蚊的羽化率、发育率、性别比和繁殖力均无显著影响(P>0.05)；而在沉积物添加法试验中，3 200 μg·kg-1及更高浓度处理组亲代羽化率和子代羽化率、发育率显著降低(P<0.05)。水体加标法和沉积物加标法得到的BPAP对摇蚊两代发育、繁殖无显著影响浓度(NOEC)分别为≥900 μg·L-1和1 600 μg·kg-1(即0.00070‰和0.00035‰，以BPAP在水-沉积物系统所占质量比计)。因此BPAP沉积物添加法对摇蚊的繁殖发育毒性效应大于水体添加法。在化学品危害评估中，摇蚊慢性毒性测试方法或数据的选择应考虑实际环境中该化学品进入水-沉积物系统的方式。Abstract: In order to explore the difference of water- and sediment- spiked methods in Chironomus toxicity test, a whole life cycle test of Chironomus tentans exposure to bisphenol AP (BPAP) was carried out by both methods. The results showed that the eclosion rate in two generations (parent and filial) and developmental rate in the filial generation had been lowered significantly in sediment-spiked test, while no significant effects on all endpoints as eclosion rate, developmental rate, sex ratio and fecundity were observed with treatments from 60 to 900 μg·L-1 in water-spiked test. The NOEC (no observed effect concentration) values for reproductive and developmental endpoints were 900 μg·L-1 (by the water-spiked method) and 1 600 μg·kg-1 (by the sediment-spiked method) respectively (i.e. 0.00070‰ and 0.00035‰ respectively, according to the mass ratio of BPAP in the water-sediment system). The comparative test results indicated a greater toxicity in the sediment spiked test than that in water spiked test. Therefore, in the process of chemicals hazard assessment, the Chironomus chronic toxicity test method and data should be properly screened according to the actual routine of chemicals entering into the water-sediment system.
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Key words:
- BPAP /
- Chironomus tentans /
- reproductive toxicity /
- developmental toxicity /
- water spiked method
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