Hernandez F, Castiglioni S, Covaci A, et al. Mass spectrometric strategies for the investigation of biomarkers of illicit drug use in wastewater[J]. Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 2016, 37(3):258-280
Bade R, Tscharke B J, White J M, et al. LC-HRMS suspect screening to show spatial patterns of New Psychoactive Substances use in Australia[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 650:2181-2187
Ort C, van Nuijs A L N, Berset J D, et al. Spatial differences and temporal changes in illicit drug use in Europe quantified by wastewater analysis[J]. Addiction, 2014, 109(8):1338-1352
Fedorova G, Randak T, Lindberg R H, et al. Comparison of the quantitative performance of a Q-Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometer with that of a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer for the analysis of illicit drugs in wastewater[J]. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2013, 27(15):1751-1762
Rousis N I, Zuccato E, Castiglioni S, et al. Wastewater-based epidemiology to assess human exposure to pyrethroid pesticides[J]. Environment International, 2017, 99:213-220
van Nuijs A L N, Mougel J F, Tarcomnicu I, et al. Sewage epidemiology-A real-time approach to estimate the consumption of illicit drugs in Brussels, Belgium[J]. Environment International, 2011, 37(3):612-621
van Nuijs A L N, Castiglioni S, Tarcomnicu I, et al. Illicit drug consumption estimations derived from wastewater analysis:A critical review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2011, 409(19):3564-3577
Gao J, O'Brien J, Lai F Y, et al. Could wastewater analysis be a useful tool for China?-A review[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015, 27:70-79
Daughton C G. Illicit drugs in municipal sewage:Proposed new non-intrusive tool to heighten public awareness of societal use of illicit/abused drugs and their potential for ecological consequences[M]//Daughton C G, Jones-Lepp T L. Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment:Scientific and Regulatory Issues. Washington DC:American Chemical Society, 2001:348-364
Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Calamari D, et al. A multiresidue analytical method using solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure pharmaceuticals of different therapeutic classes in urban wastewaters[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2005, 1092(2):206-215
Du P, Zhou Z, Bai Y, et al. Estimating heroin abuse in major Chinese cities through wastewater-based epidemiology[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 605:158-165
Bade R, Bijlsma L, Sancho J V, et al. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of synthetic cathinones and phenethylamines in influent wastewater of eight European cities[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 168:1032-1041
Archer E, Castrignano E, Kasprzyk-Hordern B, et al. Wastewater-based epidemiology and enantiomeric profiling for drugs of abuse in South African wastewaters[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 625:792-800
Feitosa R S, Sodre F F, Maldaner A O, et al. Drugs of abuse in waters and wastewaters:Occurrence, analytical determination and forensic applications[J]. Quimica Nova, 2013, 36(2):291-305
Causanilles A, Ruepert C, Ibanez M, et al. Occurrence and fate of illicit drugs and pharmaceuticals in wastewater from two wastewater treatment plants in Costa Rica[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 599:98-107
Li J, Gao J, Thai P K, et al. Stability of illicit drugs as biomarkers in sewers:From lab to reality[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2018, 52:1561-1570
Irvine R J, Kostakis C, Felgate P D, et al. Population drug use in Australia:A wastewater analysis[J]. Forensic Science International, 2011, 210(1-3):69-73
Ort C, Lawrence M G, Rieckermann J, et al. Sampling for pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPS) and illicit drugs in wastewater systems:Are your conclusions valid? A critical review[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 44(16):6024-6035
McCall A K, Bade R, Kinyua J, et al. Critical review on the stability of illicit drugs in sewers and wastewater samples[J]. Water Research, 2016, 88:933-947
Devault D A, Levi Y, Karolak S. Applying sewage epidemiology approach to estimate illicit drug consumption in a tropical context:Bias related to sewage temperature and pH[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 584:252-258
Ramin P, Brock A L, Polesel F, et al. Transformation and sorption of illicit drug biomarkers in sewer systems:Understanding the role of suspended solids in raw wastewater[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2016, 50(24):13397-13408
Ramin P, Polesel F, Brock A L, et al. The impact of temperature on the transformation of illicit drug biomarkers in wastewater[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 644:1612-1616
Gonzalez-Marino I, Estevez-Danta A, Rodil R, et al. Profiling cocaine residues and pyrolytic products in wastewater by mixed-mode liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2019, 11(7):1018-1027
Thai P K, O'Brien J W, Tscharke B J, et al. Analyzing wastewater samples collected during census to determine the correction factors of drugs for wastewater-based epidemiology:The case of codeine and methadone[J]. Environmental Science and Technology Letters, 2019, 6(5):265-269
Wang D G, Zheng Q D, Wang X P, et al. Illicit drugs and their metabolites in 36 rivers that drain into the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea, North China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016, 23(16):16495-16503
Lai F Y, O'Brien J W, Thai P K, et al. Cocaine, MDMA and methamphetamine residues in wastewater:Consumption trends (2009-2015) in South East Queensland, Australia[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 568:803-809
Causanilles A, Baz-Lomba J A, Burgard D A, et al. Improving wastewater-based epidemiology to estimate cannabis use:Focus on the initial aspects of the analytical procedure[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2017, 988:27-33
Jacox A, Wetzel J, Cheng S Y, et al. Quantitative analysis of opioids and cannabinoids in wastewater samples[J]. Forensic Sciences Research, 2017, 2(1):18-25
Wang D G, Dong Q Q, Du J, et al. Using Monte Carlo simulation to assess variability and uncertainty of tobacco consumption in a city by sewage epidemiology[J]. BMJ Open, 2016, 6(2):e010583
Zheng Q D, Lin J G, Pei W, et al. Estimating nicotine consumption in eight cities using sewage epidemiology based on ammonia nitrogen equivalent population[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 590:226-232
Zheng Q D, Wang Z, Liu C Y, et al. Applying a population model based on hydrochemical parameters in wastewater-based epidemiology[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 657:466-475
Pei W, Zhan Q X, Yan Z Y, et al. Using Monte Carlo simulation to assess uncertainty and variability of methamphetamine use and prevalence from wastewater analysis[J]. International Journal of Drug Policy, 2016, 36:1-7
Zuccato E, Castiglioni S. Illicit drugs in the environment[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2009, 367(1904):3965-3978
Mastroianni N, Lopez-Garcia E, Postigo C, et al. Five-year monitoring of 19 illicit and legal substances of abuse at the inlet of a wastewater treatment plant in Barcelona (NE Spain) and estimation of drug consumption patterns and trends[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 609:916-926
Liu C, Wang Z, Feng J, et al. Methamphetamine consumption and prevalence in Liaoning and Jilin Provinces investigated by sewage epidemiology[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(8):1763-1769
Wang Z, Shao X T, Tan D Q, et al. Reduction in methamphetamine consumption trends from 2015 to 2018 detected by wastewater-based epidemiology in Dalian, China[J]. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2019, 194:302-309
Zuccato E, Gracia-Lor E, Rousis N I, et al. Illicit drug consumption in school populations measured by wastewater analysis[J]. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2017, 178:285-290
Sodre F F, Souza G B, Feitosa R S, et al. Illicit drugs, metabolites and adulterants in wastewater:Monitoring community drug abuse in the brazilian federal district during the 2014 Soccer World Cup[J]. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 2017, 28(11):2146-2154
Bujak R, Gadzala-Kopciuch R, Nowaczyk A, et al. Selective determination of cocaine and its metabolite benzoylecgonine in environmental samples by newly developed sorbent materials[J]. Talanta, 2016, 146:401-409
Xu Z, Du P, Li K, et al. Tracing methamphetamine and amphetamine sources in wastewater and receiving waters via concentration and enantiomeric profiling[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 601:159-166
Bones J, Thomas K V, Paull B. Using environmental analytical data to estimate levels of community consumption of illicit drugs and abused pharmaceuticals[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2007, 9(7):701-707
Lai F Y, Wilkins C, Phong T, et al. An exploratory wastewater analysis study of drug use in Auckland, New Zealand[J]. Drug and Alcohol Review, 2017, 36(5):597-601
Wang C, Hou L, Li J, et al. Occurrence of diazepam and its metabolites in wastewater and surface waters in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017, 24(18):15379-15389
Postigo C, Lopez de Alda M, Barcelo D. Evaluation of drugs of abuse use and trends in a prison through wastewater analysis[J]. Environment International, 2011, 37(1):49-55
Castrignano E, Yang Z, Bade R, et al. Enantiomeric profiling of chiral illicit drugs in a pan-European study[J]. Water Research, 2018, 130:151-160
Sanganyado E, Lu Z, Fu Q, et al. Chiral pharmaceuticals:A review on their environmental occurrence and fate processes[J]. Water Research, 2017, 124:527-542
Ibáñez M, Sancho J V, Bijlsma L, et al. Comprehensive analytical strategies based on high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify new psychoactive substances[J]. TrAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2014, 57:107-117
Jesus Andres-Costa M, Andreu V, Pico Y. Liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry as a tool for wastewater-based epidemiology:Assessing new psychoactive substances and other human biomarkers[J]. TrAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2017, 94:21-38
Bade R, Stockham P, Painter B, et al. Investigating the appearance of new psychoactive substances in South Australia using wastewater and forensic data[J]. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2019, 11(2):250-256
Diamanti K, Aalizadeh R, Alygizakis N, et al. Wide-scope target and suspect screening methodologies to investigate the occurrence of new psychoactive substances in influent wastewater from Athens[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 685:1058-1065
Archer J R, Dargan P I, Hudson S, et al. Analysis of anonymous pooled urine from portable urinals in central London confirms the significant use of novel psychoactive substances[J]. QJM-Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians, 2013, 106(2):147-152
Reid M J, Bazlomba J A, Ryu Y, et al. Using biomarkers in wastewater to monitor community drug use:A conceptual approach for dealing with new psychoactive substances[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 487(14):651-658
Kinyua J, Covaci A, Maho W, et al. Sewage-based epidemiology in monitoring the use of new psychoactive substances:Validation and application of an analytical method using LC-MS/MS[J]. Drug Testing & Analysis, 2015, 7(9):812-818
Causanilles A, Kinyua J, Ruttkies C, et al. Qualitative screening for new psychoactive substances in wastewater collected during a city festival using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 184:1186-1193
Bade R, White J M, Gerber C. Qualitative and quantitative temporal analysis of licit and illicit drugs in wastewater in Australia using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2018, 410(2):529-542
Celma A, Sancho J V, Salgueiro-González N, et al. Simultaneous determination of new psychoactive substances and illicit drugs in sewage:Potential of micro-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in wastewater-based epidemiology[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2019, 1602:300-309
Crimmins B S, Holsen T M. Non-targeted screening in environmental monitoring programs[J]. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2019, 1140:731-741
Han B, Min H, Jeon M, et al. A rapid non-target screening method for determining prohibited substances in human urine using liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2019, 11(3):382-391
Hollende J, van Bavel B, Dulio V, et al. High resolution mass spectrometry-based non-target screening can support regulatory environmental monitoring and chemicals management[J]. Environmental Sciences Europe, 2019, 31:42
Ieda T, Hashimoto S, Isobe T, et al. Evaluation of a data-processing method for target and non-target screening using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry for environmental samples[J]. Talanta, 2019, 194:461-468
Ibanez M, Sancho J V, Bijlsma L, et al. Comprehensive analytical strategies based on high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify new psychoactive substances[J]. TrAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2014, 57:107-117
Lung D, Wilson N, Chatenet F T, et al. Non-targeted screening for novel psychoactive substances among agitated emergency department patients[J]. Clinical Toxicology, 2016, 54(4):319-323
Mollerup C B, Dalsgaard P W, Mardal M, et al. Targeted and non-targeted drug screening in whole blood by UHPLC-TOF-MS with data-independent acquisition[J]. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2017, 9(7):1052-1061
Schemeth D, Nielsen N J, Andersson J T, et al. A tiered analytical approach for target, non-target and suspect screening analysis of polar transformation products of polycyclic aromatic compounds[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 235:175-184
Mardal M, Andreasen M F, Mollerup C B, et al. HighResNPS.com:An online crowd-sourced HR-MS database for suspect and non-targeted screening of new psychoactive substances[J]. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2019, 43(7):520-527
Ramin P, Brock A L, Causanilles A, et al. Transformation and sorption of illicit drug biomarkers in sewer biofilms[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2017, 51(18):10572-10584
Gonzalez-Marino I, Zuccato E, Santos M M, et al. Monitoring MDMA metabolites in urban wastewater as novel biomarkers of consumption[J]. Water Research, 2017, 115:1-8
Lai F Y, Ort C, Gartner C, et al. Refining the estimation of illicit drug consumptions from wastewater analysis:Co-analysis of prescription pharmaceuticals and uncertainty assessment[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45(15):4437-4448
Baker D R, Kasprzyk-Hordern B. Critical evaluation of methodology commonly used in sample collection, storage and preparation for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in surface water and wastewater by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2011, 1218(44):8036-8059
Thai P K, Lai F Y, Bruno R, et al. Refining the excretion factors of methadone and codeine for wastewater analysis-Combining data from pharmacokinetic and wastewater studies[J]. Environment International, 2016, 94:307-314
Scheurer M, Michel A, Brauch H J, et al. Occurrence and fate of the antidiabetic drug metformin and its metabolite guanylurea in the environment and during drinking water treatment[J]. Water Research, 2012, 46(15):4790-4802
Castrignano E, Mardal M, Rydevik A, et al. A new approach towards biomarker selection in estimation of human exposure to chiral chemicals:A case study of mephedrone[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1):13009
Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Melis M, et al. Identification of cocaine and its metabolites in urban wastewater and comparison with the human excretion profile in urine[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45(16):5141-5150
Pal R, Megharaj M, Kirkbride K P, et al. Illicit drugs and the environment-A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2013, 463:1079-1092
Asimakopoulos A G, Kannan K. Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants:A review[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2016, 13(4):541-576
Subedi B, Kannan K. Occurrence and fate of select psychoactive pharmaceuticals and antihypertensives in two wastewater treatment plants in New York State, USA[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 514:273-280
Cecinato A, Balducci C. Detection of cocaine in the airborne particles of the Italian cities Rome and Taranto[J]. Journal of Separation Science, 2007, 30(12):1930-1935
Cecinato A, Balducci C, Nervegna G. Occurrence of cocaine in the air of the World's cities An emerging problem? A new tool to investigate the social incidence of drugs?[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2009, 407(5):1683-1690