[1] Feng Z H, Hu W W, Hu Y, et al. Acrolein is a major cigarette-related lung cancer agent: Preferential binding at p53 mutational hotspots and inhibition of DNA repair [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2006, 103:15404-15409
[2] Stevens J F, Maier C S. Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease [J].Mol Nutr Food Res, 2008, 52:7-25
[3] Minko I G, Kozekov I D, Kozekova A, et al. Mutagenic potential of DNA-peptide crosslinks mediated by acrolein-derived DNA adducts [J].Mutation Research, 2008, 637:161-172
[4] Chung F L, Young R,Hecht S S. Formation of cyclic 1, N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts in DMA upon reaction with acrolein or crotonaldehyde [J].Cancer Research, 1984, 44:990-995
[5] Nath R G and Chung F L. Detection of exocyclic 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts as common DNA lesions in rodents and humans [J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1994, 91:7491-7495
[6] Nath R G, Ocando J E, Guttenplan J B, et al. 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts: potential new biomarkers of smoking induced DNA damage in human oral tissue [J]. Cancer Research, 1998, 58:581-584
[7] Zhang S Y,Villalta P W, Wang M Y, et al. Detection and quantitation of acrolein-derived 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts in human lung by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2007, 20:565-571
[8] Sodum R S, Shapiao D. Reaction of acrolein with cytosine and adenine derivatives [J]. Biorganic Chemistry, 1988,16:272-282
[9] Smith R A,Williamson D S, Cerny R L, et al. Detection of 1,N6-propanodeoxyadenosine in acrolein-modified polydeoxyadenylic acid and DNA by32P postlabeling [J].Cancer Research, 1990,50:3005-3012
[10] Pawiowicz A J, Munter T, Klika K D, et al. Reaction of acrolein with 2'-deoxyadenosine and 9-ethyladenine-Formation of cyclic adducts [J].Bioorganic Chemistry, 2006, 34:39-48
[11] Pawowicz A J, Munter T, Zhao Y, et al. Formation of acrolein adducts with 2'-deoxyadenosine in calf thymus DNA [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2006, 19:571-576
[12] Kawai Y, Furuhata A, Toyokuni S, et al. Formation of acrolein-derived 2'-deoxyadenosine adduct in an iron-induced carcinogenesis model [J].Journal of Biological Chimestry, 2003, 278:50346-50354
[13] Smith R A, Williamson D S, Cohen S M. Identification of 3,N4-propanodeoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate formed by the reaction of acrolein with deoxycytidine 5'-monop hosp hate [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 1989, 2:267-271
[14] Chenna A and Iden C R. Characterization of 2'-deoxycytidine and 2'-deoxyuridine adducts formed in reactions with acrolein and 2-bromoacrolein [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 1993,6:261-268
[15] Pawowicz A J, Klika K D, Kronberg L. The structural identification and conformational analysis of the products from the reaction of acrolein with 2'-deoxycytidine, 1-methylcytosine and calf thymus DNA [J]. Eur J Org Chem, 2007:1429-1437
[16] Chenna A, Rieger R A and Iden C R. Characterization of thymidine adducts formed by acrolein and 2-bromoacrolein [J]. Carcinogenesis, 1992, 13:2361-2365
[17] Pawlowicz A J and Kronberg L. Characterization of adducts formed in reactions of acrolein with thymidine and calf thymus DNA [J].Chemistry and Biodiversity,2008,5:177-188
[18] Hecht S S. Smoking and lung cancer-a new role for an old toxicant? [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2006,103:15725-15726
[19] Gomes R,Meek M E, Eggleton M. Concise international chemical assessment document No.43.World Health Organization, Geneva, 2002
[20] Foiles P G, Akerkar S A, Miglietta L M, et al. Formation of cyclic deoxyguanosine adducts in Chinese hamster ovary cells by acrolein and crotonaldehyde [J]. Carcinogenesis, 1990,11:2059-2061
[21] Wilson V L,Foiles P G,Chung F L, et al. Detection of acrolein and crotonaldehyde DNA adducts in cultured human cells and canine peripheral blood lymphocytes by32P-postlabeling and nucleotide chromatography [J]. Carcinogenesis, 1991,12: 1483-1490
[22] Nath R G, Ocando J, Chung F L. Detection of 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts as potential endogenous DNA lesions in rodent and human tissues [J]. Cancer Research, 1996,56: 452-456
[23] Pan J S, Davis W, Trushin N, Amin S, et al. A solid-phase extraction/high-performance liquid chromatography-based 32P-postlabeling method for detection of cyclic 1, N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts derived from enals [J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 2006,348:15-23
[24] Liu X L, Lovell M A, Lynn B C. Development of a method for quantification of acrolein-deoxyguanosine adducts in DNA using isotope dilution-capillary LC/MS/MS and its application to human brain tissue [J].Anal Chem, 2005, 77:5982-5989
[25] Chen C H, Lin W P. Simultaneous quantification of 1,N2-propano-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts derived from acrolein and crotonaldehyde in human placenta and leukocytes by isotope dilution nanoflow LC nanospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry [J].Anal Chem, 2009, 81:9812-9818
[26] Foiles P G, Chung F L, Hecht S S. Development of a monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for cyclic DNA adducts resulting from exposure to crotonaldehyde [J].Cancer Research,1987,47:360-363
[27] Foiles P G, Akerkar S A, Chung F L. Application of an immunoassay for cyclic acrolein deoxyguanosine adducts to assess their formation in DNA of Salmonella typhimurium under conditions of mutation induction by acrolein [J].Carcinogenesis, 1989,10:87-90
[28] McDiarmid M A, Iype T, Kolodner K, Kram D J, et al. Evidence for acrolein-modified DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes of cancer patients treated with cyclophosphamide [J].Mutation Research, 1991, 248:93-99
[29] Akatsuka S,Aung T T,Dutta K K,et al. Contrasting genome-wide distribution of 8-Hydroxyguanine and acrolein-modified adenine during oxidative stress-induced renal carcinogenesis [J]. The American Journal of Pathology, 2006, 169:1328-1342
[30] Marnett L J, Hurd H K, Hollstein M C, et al. Naturally occurring carbonyl compounds are mutagens in Salmonella tester strain TA104 [J]. Mutation Research, 1985, 148:25-34
[31] Curren R D,Yang L L,Conkin P M, et al. Mutagenesis of xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts by acrolein [J]. Mutation Research, 1988, 209:17-22
[32] Kawanishi M, Matsuda T, Nakayama A, et al. Molecular analysis of mutations induced by acrolein in human fibroblast cells using supF shuttle vector plasmids [J]. Mutation Research, 1998, 417:65-73
[33] Wang H T, Zhang S Z, Hu Y, et al. Mutagenicity and sequence specificity of acrolein-DNA adducts [J].Chem Res Toxicol, 2009, 22:511-517
[34] Kim S, Pfeifer G P, Besaratinia A. Lack of mutagenicity of acrolein-Induced DNA adducts in mouse and human cells [J].Cancer Res, 2007,67:11640-11647
[35] Khullar S, Varaprasad C V, Johnson F. Postsynthetic generation of a major acrolein adduct of 2'-deoxyguanosine in oligomeric DNA [J]. J Med Chem, 1999, 42:947-950
[36] Nechev L V, Harris C M, Harris T M. Synthesis of nucleosides and oligonucleotides containing adducts of acrolein and vinyl chloride [J].Chem Res Toxicol, 2000, 13:421-429
[37] Huang Y H, Torres M C, Iden C R, et al. Synthesis of the minor acrolein adducts of 2'-deoxyguanosine and their generation in oligomeric DNA [J]. Bioorganic Chemistry, 2003,31:136-148
[38] VanderVeen L A, Hashim M F, Nechev L V, et al. Evaluation of the mutagenic potential of the principal DNA adduct of acrolein [J].Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 276:9066-9070
[39] Yang I Y, Hossain M, Miller H, et al. Responses to the major acrolein-derived deoxyguanosine adduct in escherichia coli [J].Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001,276:9071-9076
[40] Yang I Y, Johnson F, Grollman A P, et al. Genotoxic mechanism for the major acrolein-derived deoxyguanosine adduct in human cells [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2002, 15:160-164
[41] Yang I Y, Chan G,Miller H, et al. Mutagenesis by acrolein-derived propanodeoxyguanosine adducts in human cells [J]. Biochemistry, 2002,41:13826-13832
[42] Kanuri M, Minko I G, Nechev L V, et al. Error prone translesion synthesis past γ-hydroxypropano deoxyguanosine, the primary acrolein-derived adduct in mammalian cells [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002, 277:18257-18265
[43] Sanchez A M, Minko I G, Kurtz A J, et al. Comparative evaluation of the bioreactivity and mutagenic spectra of acrolein-derived α-HOPdG and γ-HOPdG regioisomeric deoxyguanosine adducts [J].Chem Res Toxicol, 2003, 16:1019-1028
[44] Minko I G, Washington M T, Kanuri M, et al. Translesion synthesis past acrolein-derived DNA adduct, γ-hydroxypropanodeoxyguanosine, by yeast and human DNA polymerase η [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003, 278: 784-790
[45] Santos C, Zaliznyak T, Johnson F. NMR characterization of a DNA duplex containing the major acrolein derived deoxyguanosine adduct γ-OH-1,-N2-propano-2'-deoxyguanosine [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001,276: 9077-9082
[46] Minko I G,Kozekov I D, Harris T M, et al. Chemistry and biology of DNA containing 1,N2-deoxyguanosine adducts of the α, β-unsaturated aldehydes acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and 4-hydroxynonenal [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2009, 22:759-778
[47] Stone M P,Cho Y J,Huang H, et al. Interstrand DNA cross-links induced by α, β-unsaturated aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation and environmental sources [J].Accounts of Chemical Research, 2008,41: 793-804
[48] VanderVeen L V, Harris T M,Jacobson L J,et al. Formation of DNA-protein cross-links betweenγ-hydroxypropanodeoxyguanosine and EcoRI [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2008, 21:1733-1738
[49] Cohen S M,Garland E M,John M S, et al. Acrolein initiates rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis [J].Cancer Research, 1992,52:3577-3581
[50] Sakata T, Smith R A, Garland E M, et al. Rat urinary bladder epithelial lesions induced by acrolein [J]. J Exp Pathol Toxicol Oncol, 1989, 9: 159-170
[51] Irving C C, Murphy W M, Cox R. The effects of intravesical instillation of acrolein on the urothelium of the rat [J]. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res, 1987, 28: 109
[52] Cohen S M. The pathology of bladder cancer [M]. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc,1983, 2:1-40
[53] Wang H and Tang M S. Acrolein: excessive cytotoxicity or potent mutagenicity? [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2009, 22:753-754