摘要:
三氯乙基磷酸酯(tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate,TCEP)是有机磷阻燃剂的一种。文献报道TCEP在多种环境介质中均有检出,且检出浓度较高,同时被报道能够产生神经毒性与致癌性,然而其对生态生物在敏感生命阶段的发育毒性还不清楚。为研究TCEP对鸟类的发育毒性,本次试验采用胚胎注射的方法,用TCEP对日本鹌鹑胚胎进行21 d暴露,研究TCEP对鹌鹑胚胎的致死效应和对体重以及脏器系数的影响。实验结果显示TCEP对鹌鹑胚胎的LD50为118 μg·g-1 egg,95%置信区间为73.3~163 μg·g-1 egg,最低效应浓度(LOEL)是83.1 μg·g-1 egg,最高无效应浓度(NOEL)是8.31 μg·g-1 egg。脏器系数的方差分析结果显示TCEP对幼鸟的肝脏、脑、心脏的发育产生显著的影响,166 μg·g-1 egg浓度下,鹌鹑胚胎的肝脏(P=0.0005),脑(P=0.0024)和心脏(P=0.0005)的脏器系数受到了明显的影响。本次试验的结果为开展TCEP对鸟类的生态风险评估提供了数据支撑。
Abstract:
Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), one of the organophosphate flame retardants, has been frequently detected in the environment at a wide concentration range. It has also been reported to cause neurotoxicity and carcinogenicity in mammals. However, limited knowledge is available on the developmental toxicity of TCEP on avian species. Here TCEP was assessed by use of embryos of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The quail embryos were exposed to TCEP for 21 days and the mortality rate was assessed. The effect on the organ coefficients and body weight were also evaluated. Results showed LD50 of TCEP on quail embryos was 118 μg·g-1 egg with a 95% confidence interval of 73.3~163 μg·g-1 egg. The lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was 83.1 μg·g-1 egg and the no observed effect level (NOEL) was 8.31 μg·g-1 egg. Furthermore, TCEP had a significant effect on the development of brain, liver and heart. The organ coefficients of liver, brain and heart from 166 μg·g-1 egg TCEP exposure group, were altered significantly (P value=0.0005, 0.0024 and 0.0005, respectively). These results provided valuable development toxicity data for the ecological risk assessment of TCEP to avian species.
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