长江流域重庆段水体和沉积物中农药分布特征及风险评价
Distribution and Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Water and Sediments in the Yangtze River of Chongqing Section
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摘要: 以长江干流重庆段、乌江和嘉陵江支流段作为研究对象，系统分析该研究区域水体和沉积物中农药的种类分布及污染状况；并对水体和沉积物中农药污染开展生态风险评估。结果表明，水体中共检出13种农药，总浓度范围为18.02～167.18 ng L−1，主要污染物为敌敌畏、多菌灵和阿特拉津；沉积物中共检出12种农药，总浓度范围为7.08～38.35 ng g−1，主要污染物为敌敌畏和多菌灵；与国内其他地区的水体和沉积物中农药污染浓度相比，处于中等偏低的水平。水体中农药风险评估结果表明，敌敌畏和毒死蜱在大部分检测位点0.1≤RQ<1；在S7和S18监测位点中，敌敌畏、避蚊胺、阿特拉津和毒死蜱均0.1Abstract: Concentrations, compositions, and distribution of pesticides in water and sediments in the Yangtze River, Wujiang River, and Jialing River in Chongqing City were investigated. The ecological risk of pesticides was also assessed. Thirteen pesticides were detected in the water, with total concentrations (∑13 pesticides) ranging from 18.02 to 167.18 ng L−1, and were dominated by dichlorvos, carbendazim, and atrazine. In the sediments, twelve pesticides were detected, with total concentrations ranging from 7.08 to 38.35 ng•g-1, and dichlorvos and carbendazim were the two compounds with highest proportions of the pesticides. Compared with those in water and sediments from other areas in China, the pesticides levels in the present study were moderate and low. Ecological risk assessment in water showed that the risk quotients (RQs) of dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos were between 0.1 and 1 at most sampling sites, and RQs of dichlorvos, diethylmethylbenzamide (DEET), atrazine and chlorpyrifos were between 0.1 and 1 at S7 and S18 sites, indicating moderate ecological risk of these pesticides in the study region.
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Key words:
- pesticide /
- environmental hormones /
- Yangtze River /
- spatial distribution /
- ecological risk /
- water /
- sediment
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