2种拟除虫菊酯类农药对赤子爱胜蚓消化酶的毒性效应
Toxic Effects of Two Pyrethroids Pesticides on Digestive Enzymes of Eisenia fetida
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摘要: 拟除虫菊酯类农药已经逐渐代替有机磷等农药被大量使用，给土壤动物带来潜在生态风险。本研究选择了土壤模式生物赤子爱胜蚓为受试生物，考察2种拟除虫菊酯类农药（联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯）对赤子爱胜蚓消化酶活性（α-葡萄糖苷酶和蛋白酶）的影响。结果表明，α-葡萄糖苷酶（α-Glu）活性在暴露初期被联苯菊酯诱导，随着时间的延长，出现抑制作用，而氟氯氰菊酯对α-Glu活性的影响主要呈现抑制作用。3种蛋白酶活性在暴露初期被联苯菊酯显著诱导和被氟氯氰菊酯显著抑制，且随着时间的推移，影响作用减弱。研究表明，联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯对消化酶的影响呈现相反趋势，3种蛋白酶活性可以作为评估2种拟除虫菊酯类农药毒性的早期指标。研究结果为阐释拟除虫菊酯类农药对土壤蚯蚓的毒性机制提供数据支撑，为评估拟除虫菊酯类农药的生态风险提供了潜在生物标志物。Abstract: Pyrethroids pesticides that have gradually replaced organophosphorus pesticides are being widely used, which brings potential ecological risks to soil animals. The soil model organism Eisenia fetida was selected to investigate the effects of two pyrethroids pesticides (i.e., bifenthrin, cyfluthrin) on the digestive enzyme activities (e.g., alpha-glucosidase, protease) of Eisenia fetida in this study. The results showed that the activity of alpha-glucosidase (α-Glu) was induced by bifenthrin at the initial stage of exposure, but inhibited as time elapsed. By comparison, the main effect of cyfluthrin on the α-Glu activity was inhibition. The activities of three proteases were significantly induced by bifenthrin and significantly inhibited by cyfluthrin at the initial stage of exposure, and the effects were reduced over the test time. These results suggested that the effects of bifenthrin and cyfluthrin on digestive enzymes were opposite, and the activities of the three proteases could be used as early indicators to evaluate the toxicological profiles of the two pyrethroids pesticides. This study provided data support to elucidate the toxicity mechanism of pyrethroids pesticides on soil earthworms and offered potential biomarkers to evaluate the ecological risk of pyrethroids pesticides.
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Key words:
- pyrethroids pesticides /
- bifenthrin /
- cyfluthrin /
- earthworm /
- digestive toxicity
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