定量有害结局路径(qAOP)评估环境化学物质毒性的研究进展Ⅱ：类二噁英物质及AhR-qAOP
Research Advance of Quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway (qAOP) in Environmental Chemicals Toxicity Assessment Ⅱ: Dioxin-like Compounds and AhR-qAOP
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摘要: 环境中不断检出具有二噁英结构并存在潜在生物毒性的新型污染物类二噁英物质（dioxin-like compounds，DLCs），识别并评估其生态与人体毒性对化学品风险防控具有重要意义。传统的化学品毒性测试方法已不能满足评估大批环境化学物质风险的需求，基于芳香烃受体（aryl hydrocarbon receptor，AhR）的有害结局路径（adverse outcome pathway，AOP）为准确评估潜在DLCs的生态与健康风险提供了新的策略。为指导预测新型DLCs的毒性，需在定性AhR-AOP基础上发展定量AOP。本文综述了AhR-AOP的研究现状，并总结了“AhR激活-胚胎毒性”定量AOP的最新进展，包括定量模型的开发、相关体外测试技术、对新型DLCs和不同物种的危害评估的适用性等。最后探讨了AhR-qAOP发展过程中的问题与潜在解决方案，对其应用于DLCs生态危害与风险评价的前景进行了展望。Abstract: Emerging dioxin like compounds (DLCs) with the structure similar to dioxin and potential biological toxicity have been continuously detected in the environment. It is important to assess their ecological health risks for the management of chemical risk. Conventional approaches of toxic tests have failed to meet the demand of chemicals risk assessment. The adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) based on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) provided a new strategy for accurately assessing the ecological health risks of potential DLCs, which can guide the toxicity prediction of emerging pollutants and the establishment of environmental benchmarks for the protection of ecological species. However, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop quantitative AOP on the basis of the improvement and development of qualitative AhR-AOP. This paper reviewed the research advance of AhR-AOP, and summarized the latest development of the quantitative AOP (qAOP) based on embryo mortality owning to AhR activation, including the development of quantitative models, the in vitro bioassay technology, as well as the applicability for diverse species in hazard assessment of emerging DLCs. Finally, the most important issues and potential solutions in the development of AhR-qAOP were discussed, and its application in the assessment of ecological hazard and ecological risks of DLCs was prospected in this review.
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