摘要:
环境内分泌干扰物(environmental endocrine disruptors,EEDs)是一类可以改变生物体内激素的合成、释放、运输、代谢、结合、作用或清除等一系列生物过程的外源物质。性激素的生物合成需要一系列酶的参与,体内和体外研究表明,性激素合成途径中的类固醇生成酶是EEDs通过非性激素受体介导途径发挥内分泌扰乱作用的重要靶点,性激素合成途径的扰乱可能导致生物体生殖系统受损。本文综述了EEDs对鱼类性激素合成底物和类固醇生成酶的影响、信号转导机制及其生殖危害;并对性激素合成途径中促性腺激素调控机理、多种转录因子间的相互作用、不同物种间类固醇生成酶的差异以及各内分泌轴线的相互作用研究进行了展望,以期为EEDs通过非性激素受体介导途径发挥内分泌干扰效应的机制研究提供思路。
Abstract:
Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) are exogenous substances that interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, metabolism, binding, action, or elimination of natural hormones in the body. Sex hormone biosynthesis needs a series of steroidogenic enzymes, which are important targets for the actions of various EEDs, proved by in vivo and in vitro studies. Also, interferences of pathways of sex hormone biosynthesis may result in impaired reproductive system. A detailed description of EEDs'effects on the substrate of sex hormones and steroidogenic enzymes, as well as the exact signaling pathway mechanisms, and the harmful influences on fish reproduction are reviewed. In addition, mechanisms of gonadotropin regulation, the interactions between several transcription factors, differences of steroidogenic enzymes among different species, and chemical-induced effects on cross-talk among different axes of fish are discussed. This review will provide an idea to study the mechanisms of EEDs which don't interact with various sex hormone receptors exerting endocrine disrupting activities.
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