基于保护生态的土壤基准值制订关键技术研究——以美国和澳大利亚为例
Research on Key Techniques for the Formulation of Soil Environmental Benchmarks Based on Ecologically Protection—The Case of the United States and Australia
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摘要: 土壤环境基准是土壤环境质量标准制修订、土壤环境质量评价和监管的重要科学依据。笔者选取美国和澳大利亚基于保护生态的土壤基准制订中的关键技术进行深入讨论，从两国的制订策略和关键推导方法等方面进行详细阐述，比对了两国的基准值制订技术要点。结果表明，两国的土壤基准名称、保护对象和毒理数据处理措施等存在差异，这与各国的具体制定策略有密切关联。建议我国在基准制订中加强不同区域土壤基准的针对性研究，建立本国土壤毒性数据共享平台，为土壤环境质量标准的制修订提供数据支撑。Abstract: Soil environmental benchmarks are an important scientific basis for the formulation and revision of soil environmental quality standards, and the evaluation and supervision of soil environmental quality. The key technologies in the formulation of soil benchmarks for ecological protection in the United States and Australia were selected for in-depth discussion. The formulation strategies and derivation methods were elaborated, and the technical points of the benchmark formulation were compared. The results show that there are differences in the soil benchmark names, protection objects, and toxicological data processing methods between the two countries, which are closely related to the specific strategies of each country. China should strengthen the targeted research of soil benchmarks in different regions, establish a national soil toxicity data-sharing platform, and provide data support for the formulation and revision of soil environmental quality standards.
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Key words:
- soil environmental benchmarks /
- formulation method /
- ecological receptor
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