粮食真菌毒素的生殖、发育与遗传毒性：现状与展望
Reproductive, Developmental and Genetic Toxicities of Grain Mycotoxins: Current Status and Prospects
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摘要: 粮食及其制品会受到多种真菌毒素的污染。粮食真菌毒素现已被证实具有多种毒性作用，如细胞毒性、发育毒性、生殖毒性、免疫毒性和遗传毒性等，严重危害人和动物健康，甚至还会对间接或未接触毒素的子代产生不良影响，但目前有关继代毒理学数据极为缺乏。本文主要阐述了粮食中常见真菌毒素对亲本世代及其子代生殖系统/能力和生长发育的影响，简述了不同毒素诱导生殖发育毒性的作用机理并提出展望，旨在全面了解粮食真菌毒素的生殖发育及遗传毒性作用，为进一步开展粮食真菌毒素的健康风险评估，合理制定相关限量标准与法规，指导公共卫生健康并开展主动防治与干预提供重要理论依据。Abstract: Grain and its products can often be contaminated by diverse mycotoxins. Mycotoxins have been proved to have a variety of toxic effects, such as cytotoxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, etc., which can seriously harm human and animal health, and even have adverse effects on the offspring that are indirectly exposed or unexposed to mycotoxins. However, the relevant toxicology data of offspring are relatively lacking. In this review, the reproductive/developmental toxicity and genotoxicity of the mycotoxins found in grain foods on the parental and filial generations were comprehensively discussed, the relevant mechanisms were summarized and the prospects for the future study were also expounded. Our aim was to comprehensively understand the reproductive, developmental and genetic toxicities of mycotoxins in grains, and to provide important theoretical bases for further promoting health risk assessments of grain mycotoxins, scientifically establishing limit standards and regulations, correctly guiding public health, and actively developing prevention and intervention.
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Key words:
- mycotoxin /
- reproductive toxicity /
- developmental toxicity /
- genetic toxicity /
- transgenerational toxicity /
- mechanism
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