三氯卡班在鱼体的吸收、分配及代谢研究
Adsorption, Tissue Distribution and Biotransformation of Triclocarban in Fish
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摘要: 杀菌剂三氯卡班在水环境中广泛检出,其生态健康风险逐渐引起关注,然而目前有关其生物吸收和代谢转化机制还缺乏系统认识。本研究将罗非鱼置于环境相关浓度(2 μg·L-1)的三氯卡班中暴露14 d,考察了三氯卡班在鱼体内的吸收/净化动力学过程、稳态富集特征及代谢转化产物。结果表明,三氯卡班在罗非鱼肝、鳃、肾、胃、肉中的吸收和净化动力学过程均符合伪一级动力学方程:吸收动力学常数(ku)值分别1.93、2.10、1.30、13.4和0.429 mL·g-1·h-1;净化动力学常数(ke)值分别为0.0540、0.0539、0.0537、0.0541和0.0539 h-1;半衰期(t1/2)分别为12.8、12.9、12.9、12.8和12.9 h。达到吸收和净化动力学平衡后,三氯卡班在鱼体血浆、胆汁、肉、皮、脑、肾、鳃、肝、胃、肠中的稳态生物浓缩系数对数值log(BCFss)分别为-0.18、1.04、1.07、1.29、1.42、2.01、2.05、2.11、2.72、2.81,低于三氯卡班在野生鱼类体内的富集系数。环境相关暴露浓度(2 μg·L-1)下,三氯卡班在鱼体肝、鳃、肉、皮、肠、胆汁中可生成羟基化代谢产物及羟基化+硫酸化代谢产物。研究结果说明三氯卡班主要通过胃吸收进入鱼体,经过羟基化和硫酸化代谢以后,在肝、肾、胃等脂肪含量高的组织中有较高残留,其生态健康风险不容忽视。Abstract: The biocide triclocarban has been widely detected in aquatic environment, and its ecological health risks are a growing concern. However, the mechanisms of uptake and metabolism of triclocarban in biota are still lacking. In the present study, the tilapia was exposed to triclocarban at environmentally relevant concentration (2 μg·L-1) in aquatic environment. The uptake and metabolism kinetic processes, homeostasis bioconcentration characteristics, and biotransformation products were investigated. The results indicated that, both of the uptake and metabolism kinetic processes of triclocarban in fish tissues e.g., liver, gill, kidney, stomach, and muscle followed the pseudo first-order kinetic model, with the uptake kinetic constants (ku) of 1.93, 2.10, 1.30, 13.4 and 0.429 mL·g-1·h-1, respectively, the elimination kinetic constants (ke) of 0.0540, 0.0539, 0.0537, 0.0541 and 0.0539 h-1, respectively, and the half time value (t1/2) of 12.8, 12.9, 12.9, 12.8 and 12.9 h, respectively. Under the state with uptake and elimination kinetics balance, the homeostasis logarithm bioconcentration factors log (BCFss) of triclocarban in plasma, bile, muscle, skin, brain, kidney, gill, liver, stomach, and intestine were -0.18, 1.04, 1.07, 1.29, 1.42, 2.01, 2.05, 2.11, 2.72 and 2.81, respectively, which lower than the bioaccumulation values of triclocarban in wild fish. The metabolites of triclocarban in fish liver, gill, muscle, skin, intestine, and bile were product with hydroxylation and product both with hydroxylation and sulfation. The results indicated that triclocarban was mainly adsorbed into fish through stomach. After being metabolized by hydroxylation and sulfation, there were still comparatively high residue in high fat content tissues, such as liver, kidney, and stomach. Hence, the ecological and health risks of triclocarban in aquatic environment cannot be ignored.
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Key words:
- triclocarban /
- tilapia /
- uptake kinetics /
- elimination kinetics /
- tissues distribution /
- biotransformation
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