典型短链全氟替代品PFBA及PFBS对斑马鱼的内分泌干扰效应
Endocrine Disrupting Effects of Typical Short-Chain Perfluorinated Substitutes PFBA and PFBS on Zebrafish
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摘要: 全氟丁酸(PFBA)与全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)作为长链全氟化合物的替代化学品被广泛应用。2种替代品在环境中的残留量不断增加，对环境生物造成了不可忽视的潜在风险。本文通过分析PFBA与PFBS对斑马鱼体内卵黄蛋白原(VTG)、甲状腺激素三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)与四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)的影响，研究2种替代品对斑马鱼的内分泌干扰效应和作用机制。结果显示，VTG含量与PFBA和PFBS暴露浓度变化存在剂量-效应关系，雌雄斑马鱼体内血浆及全鱼和头尾匀浆中VTG水平均有上升。PFBA对斑马鱼体内VTG含量存在倒“U”型的剂量-效应关系，而PFBS的VTG含量存在正相关的剂量-效应关系。PFBA不同暴露浓度组对斑马鱼甲状腺素T3、T4水平具有抑制作用，均表现出显著性差异(P<0.01)。PFBS暴露的斑马鱼体内T3和T4的含量存在倒“U”型的剂量-效应关系，高浓度暴露组匀浆中对T3和T4的抑制率最高，达到36.74%和38.20%。结果表明，2种替代化学品PFBA与PFBS对斑马鱼表现出明显的内分泌干扰效应。Abstract: Perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA) and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) are widely used as substitutes for long-chain perfluorocompounds. The residues of the two substitutes in the environment are increasing, which poses an unignorably potential risk to environmental organisms. This study was conducted to figure out endocrine disruption and acting mechanism of the two substitutes on zebrafish by analyzing the impact of PFBA and PFBS on vitellogenin (VTG), thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) of zebrafish. The results showed that there was a dose-effect relationship between the content of VTG and the exposure concentration of PFBA and PFBS, and the level of VTG in plasma, whole fish and head-tail homogenate of male and female zebrafish increased. Furthermore, an inverted U-shaped dose-effect relationship between PFBA and VTG content in zebrafish was found, while PFBS showed a positive dose-effect relationship with VTG content. Different exposure concentrations of PFBA inhibited the levels of thyroxine T3 and T4 in zebrafish with significant differences (P<0.01). The contents of T3 and T4 in zebrafish exposed to PFBS have an inverted U-shaped dose-effect relationship, and the inhibition rates of T3 and T4 in the homogenate of high concentration exposure group were the highest, reaching 36.74% and 38.20% respectively. The results demonstrated that the two substitutes, PFBA and PFBS, caused obvious endocrine disrupting effects on zebrafish.
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